Before 1956, there was 1913: The forgotten women of the first pass war

While South Africa celebrates the women of 1956, this article sheds light on the largely forgotten women of 1913. Exactly 43 years earlier, thousands of black women in the Orange Free State defied oppressive pass laws, marching on magistrate's courts and enduring harsh imprisonment. Their courageous stand, led by figures like Mrs Molisapoli and Mrs Katie Louw, laid crucial groundwork for future liberation struggles, yet their stories remain largely untold.